Experimental Paleolithic Nutrition Studies:
2007
1. Lindeberg, S., et al., A Palaeolithic diet improves glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-
like diet in individuals with ischaemic heart disease. Diabetologia, 2007. 50(9): p. 1795-1807. [Read this study]
2008
2. Osterdahl, M., et al., Effects of a short-term intervention with a paleolithic diet in healthy
volunteers. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2008. 62(5): p. 682-5. [Read this study]
2009
3. Frassetto, L.A., et al., Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic,
hunter-gatherer type diet. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2009. 63(8): p. 947-55. [Read this study]
4. Jonsson, T., et al., Beneficial effects of a Paleolithic diet on cardiovascular risk factors in type 2
diabetes: a randomized cross-over pilot study. Cardiovasc Diabetol, 2009. 8: p. 35. [Read this study]
5. Klonoff, D.C., The beneficial effects of a Paleolithic diet on type 2 diabetes and other risk factors
for cardiovascular disease. J Diabetes Sci Technol, 2009. 3(6): p. 1229-32. [Read this study]
2010
6. Jonsson, T., et al., A paleolithic diet is more satiating per calorie than a mediterranean-like diet in
individuals with ischemic heart disease. Nutr Metab (Lond), 2010. 7: p. 85. [Read this study]
2012
7. Kowalski, LM., et al., [Evaluation of Biological and Clinical Potential of Paleolithic Diet.] Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012;63(1):9-15. [Read this study]
2013
8. Clemens, Z., et al., Childhood absence epilepsy successfully treated with the paleolithic ketogenic
diet. Neurol Ther, 2013. 2(1-2): p. 71-6. [Read this study]
9. Jonsson, T., et al., Subjective satiety and other experiences of a Paleolithic diet compared to a
diabetes diet in patients with type 2 diabetes. Nutr J, 2013. 12: p. 105. [Read this study]
10. Ryberg, M., et al., A Palaeolithic-type diet causes strong tissue-specific effects on ectopic fat
deposition in obese postmenopausal women. J Intern Med, 2013. 274(1): p. 67-76. [Read this study]
2014
11. Bisht B., et al., A multimodal intervention for patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: feasibility and effect on fatigue.
J Altern Complement Med. 2014 May;20(5):347-55. [Read this study]
12. Boers, I., et al., Favourable effects of consuming a Palaeolithic-type diet on characteristics of the
metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled pilot-study. Lipids Health Dis, 2014. 13: p. 160. [Read this study]
13. Carter, P., et al., A Mediterranean diet improves HbA1c but not fasting blood glucose compared
to alternative dietary strategies: a network meta-analysis. J Hum Nutr Diet, 2014. 27(3): p. 280-
97. [Read this study]
14. Kamel, KS., et al., Integration of the Response to Dietary Potassium Load: A Paleolithic Perspective. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014 May;29(5):982-9. [Read this study]
15. Mellberg, C., et al., Long-term effects of a Palaeolithic-type diet in obese postmenopausal
women: a 2-year randomized trial. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2014. 68(3): p. 350-7. [Read this study]
16. Talreja, D., et al., Impact of a Paleolithic Diet on Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Journal
of Clinical Lipidology, 2014. 8(3): p. 341. [Read this study]
17. Tóth, C. and Z. Clemens, Type 1 diabetes mellitus successfully managed with the paleolithic
ketogenic diet. Vol. 5. 2014. [Read this study]
18. Whalen, K.A., et al., Paleolithic and Mediterranean diet pattern scores and risk of incident,
sporadic colorectal adenomas. Am J Epidemiol, 2014. 180(11): p. 1088-97. [Read this study]
2015
19. Bisht B., et al., Multimodal intervention improves fatigue and quality of life in subjects with progressive multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.
Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis. 2015;5:19-35. [Read this study]
20. Bligh, H.F., et al., Plant-rich mixed meals based on Palaeolithic diet principles have a dramatic
impact on incretin, peptide YY and satiety response, but show little effect on glucose and insulin
homeostasis: an acute-effects randomised study. Br J Nutr, 2015. 113(4): p. 574-84. [Read this study]
21. Frassetto, L.A., et al., Erratum: Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic,
hunter-gatherer type diet. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2015. 69(12): p. 1376. [Read this study]
22. Manheimer, E.W., et al., Paleolithic nutrition for metabolic syndrome: systematic review and
meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr, 2015. 102(4): p. 922-32. [Read this study]
23. Masharani, U., et al., Metabolic and physiologic effects from consuming a hunter-gatherer
(Paleolithic)-type diet in type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2015. 69(8): p. 944-8. [Read this study]
24. Pastore, R.L., J.T. Brooks, and J.W. Carbone, Paleolithic nutrition improves plasma lipid
concentrations of hypercholesterolemic adults to a greater extent than traditional heart-healthy
dietary recommendations. Nutr Res, 2015. 35(6): p. 474-9.
[Read this study]
25. Stomby, A., et al., Diet-induced21. weight loss has chronic tissue-specific effects on glucocorticoid
metabolism in overweight postmenopausal women. Int J Obes (Lond), 2015. 39(5): p. 814-9.
[Read this study]
26. Talreja, A., et al., CRT-601 The VA Beach Diet Study: An Investigation Of The Effects Of Plant-
based, Mediterranean, Paleolithic, And Dash Diets On Cardiovascular Disease Risk. 2015. 8(2
Supplement): p. S41. [Read this study]
2016
27. Dolan C, C.A., Davies N, Markofski M. , Effects of an 8-week Paleo dietary intervention on
inflammatory cytokines, in American Physiological Society Conference, Inflammation, Immunity
and Cardiovascular Disease. 2016: Westminster, CO. pp 40-41.
[Read this study]
28. Fontes-Villalba, M., et al., Palaeolithic diet decreases fasting plasma leptin concentrations more
than a diabetes diet in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised cross-over trial. Cardiovasc
Diabetol, 2016. 15: p. 80.
[Read this study]
29. Genoni, A., et al., Cardiovascular, Metabolic Effects and Dietary
Composition of Ad-Libitum Paleolithic vs. Australian Guide to Healthy
Eating Diets: A 4-Week Randomised Trial. Nutrients. 2016 May 23;8(5):314. [Read this study]
30. Talreja, D., et al., CRT-800.00 An Investigation of Plant-based, Mediterranean, Paleolithic, and
Dash Diets. 2016. 9(4 Supplement): p. S61.
[Read this study]
31. Whalen, K.A., et al., Paleolithic and Mediterranean Diet Pattern Scores Are Inversely Associated
with Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Balance in Adults. J Nutr, 2016. 146(6): p. 1217-
26. [Read this study]
2017
32. Afifi, L., et al., Dietary Behaviors in Psoriasis: Patient-Reported Outcomes from a U.S. National
Survey. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb), 2017. 7(2): p. 227-242.
[Read this study]
33. Anton, S.D., et al., Effects of Popular Diets without Specific Calorie Targets on Weight Loss
Outcomes: Systematic Review of Findings from Clinical Trials. Nutrients, 2017. 9(8).
[Read this study]
34. Blomquist, C., et al., Attenuated Low-Grade Inflammation Following Long-Term Dietary
Intervention in Postmenopausal Women with Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2017. 25(5): p.
892-900.
[Read this study]
35. Haskey, N. and D.L. Gibson, An Examination of Diet for the Maintenance of Remission in
Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients, 2017. 9(3): p. 259.
[Read this study]
36. Irish, A.K., et al., Randomized control trial evaluation of a modified Paleolithic dietary
intervention in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Degener
Neurol Neuromuscul Dis, 2017. 7: p. 1-18.
[Read this study]
37. Lee, J.E., et al., A Multimodal, Nonpharmacologic Intervention Improves Mood and Cognitive
Function in People with Multiple Sclerosis. J Am Coll Nutr, 2017. 36(3): p. 150-168.
[Read this study]
38. Obert, J., et al., Popular Weight Loss Strategies: a Review of Four Weight Loss Techniques. Curr
Gastroenterol Rep, 2017. 19(12): p. 61.
[Read this study]
39. Otten, J., et al., Benefits of a Paleolithic diet with and without supervised exercise on fat mass,
insulin sensitivity, and glycemic control: a randomized controlled trial in individuals with type 2
diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 2017. 33(1).
[Read this study]
40. Stomby, A., et al., A Paleolithic Diet with and without Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise
Increases Functional Brain Responses and Hippocampal Volume in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes.
Front Aging Neurosci, 2017. 9: p. 391. [Read this study]
41. Whalen, KA., et al., Paleolithic and Mediterranean Diet Pattern Scores Are Inversely Associated With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Adult. J Nutr. 2017 Apr;147(4):612-620. [Read this study]
2018
42. Blomquist, C., et al., Decreased lipogenesis-promoting factors in adipose tissue in
postmenopausal women with overweight on a Paleolithic-type diet. Eur J Nutr, 2018. 57(8): p.
2877-2886.
[Read this study]
43. Cheng, E., et al., Associations of evolutionary-concordance diet, Mediterranean diet and
evolutionary-concordance lifestyle pattern scores with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Br J
Nutr, 2018: p. 1-10.
[Read this study]
44. Genoni, A., et al., A Paleolithic diet lowers resistant starch intake but does not affect serum
trimethylamine-N-oxide concentrations in healthy women. Br J Nutr, 2018: p. 1-14.
[Read this study]
45. Haridass, V., et al., Diet Quality Scores Inversely Associated with Postmenopausal Breast Cancer
Risk Are Not Associated with Premenopausal Breast Cancer Risk in the California Teachers Study.
J Nutr, 2018. 148(11): p. 1830-1837.
[Read this study]
46. Manousou, S., et al., A Paleolithic-type diet results in iodine deficiency: a 2-year randomized trial
in postmenopausal obese women. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2018. 72(1): p. 124-129.
[Read this study]
47. Otten, J., et al., A heterogeneous response of liver and skeletal muscle fat to the combination of
a Paleolithic diet and exercise in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled
trial. Diabetologia, 2018. 61(7): p. 1548-1559.
[Read this study]
48. Popp, C.J., et al., The Effectiveness of MyPlate and Paleolithic-based Diet Recommendations,
both with and without Exercise, on Aerobic Fitness, Muscular Strength and Anaerobic Power in
Young Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Exerc Sci, 2018. 11(2): p. 921-933.
[Read this study]
49. van Niekerk, G., et al., Nutrient excess and autophagic deficiency: explaining metabolic diseases
in obesity. Metabolism, 2018. 82: p. 14-21.
[Read this study]
50. Wahls, T., et al., Dietary approaches to treat MS-related fatigue: comparing the modified
Paleolithic (Wahls Elimination) and low saturated fat (Swank) diets on perceived fatigue in
persons with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a randomized controlled
trial. Trials, 2018. 19(1): p. 309.
[Read this study]
2019
51. Barone, M., et al., Gut Microbiome Response to a Modern Paleolithic Diet in a Western Lifestyle Contex. PLoS One. 2019 Aug 8;14(8):e0220619. [Read this study]
52. Britto, S., et al., Carbohydrate Monotony as Protection and Treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2019 Jul 25;13(7):942-948. [Read this study]
53. Churuangsuk, C., et al., Impacts of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets on Micronutrient Intakes and Status: A Systematic Review. Obes Rev. 2019 Aug;20(8):1132-1147. [Read this study]
54. de Menezes, EVA., et al., Influence of Paleolithic Diet on Anthropometric Markers in Chronic Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutr J. 2019 Jul 23;18(1):41. [Read this study]
55. Evans, RDR., Emerging Evidence of an Effect of Salt on Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2019 Dec 1;34(12):2007-2014. [Read this study]
56. Genoni, A., et al., Long-term Paleolithic Diet Is Associated With
Lower Resistant Starch Intake, Different Gut Microbiota Composition and Increased Serum TMAO Concentration. Eur J Nutr. 2019 Jul 5. [Read this study] [Read our review]
57. Ghaedi, E., et al., Effects of a Paleolithic Diet on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr. 2019 Jul 1;10(4):634-646. [Read this study]
58. Gupta, L., et al., Palaeolithic Diet in Diabesity and Endocrinopathies – A Vegan’s Perspective. European Endocrinology, 2019. 15: p. 77. [Read this study]
59. Gyorkos, A., et al., Carbohydrate-restricted Diet and
High-intensity Interval Training Exercise Improve Cardio-metabolic and
Inflammatory Profiles in Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Crossover
Trial. Cureus. 2019 Sep 9;11(9):e5604. [Read this study]
60. Hirahatake, KM., Diet Quality and Cardiovascular Disease Risk
in Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Women's
Health Initiative. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Oct;8(19):e013249. [Read this study]
61. Hsieh, MS., et al., Nutritional and Dietary Strategy in the Clinical Care of Inflammatory Bowel Diseas. J Formos Med Assoc. 2019 Oct 14:S0929-6646(19)30468-1. [Read this study]
62. Kopp, W., How Western Diet And Lifestyle Drive The Pandemic Of Obesity And Civilization Diseases. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019 Oct 24;12:2221-2236. [Read this study]
63. Lavie, M., et al., Paleolithic Diet During pregnancy-A Potential Beneficial Effect on Metabolic Indices and Birth Weight. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2019 Nov;242:7-11. [Read this study]
64. Otten, J., et al., Postprandial Levels of GLP-1, GIP and Glucagon
After 2 Years of Weight Loss With a Paleolithic Diet: A Randomised
Controlled Trial in Healthy Obese Women. Eur J Endocrinol. 2019 Jun 1;180(6):417-427. [Read this study]
65. Wahls, TL., et al., Review of Two Popular Eating Plans Within the Multiple Sclerosis Community: Low Saturated Fat and Modified Paleolithic. Nutrients. 2019 Feb 7;11(2):352. [Read this study]
2020
66. Chen, X., et al., Errors in Meta-Analysis Should Be Corrected: Comment on "Effects of a Paleolithic Diet on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials". Adv Nutr. 2020 Apr 29:nmaa035. [Read this study]
67. Jamka, M., et al., The Effect of the Paleolithic Diet vs. Healthy
Diets on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis: A Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Clin Med. 2020 Jan 21;9(2):296. [Read this study]
68. Jospe, MR., et al., Intermittent Fasting, Paleolithic, or
Mediterranean Diets in the Real World: Exploratory Secondary Analyses of
a Weight-Loss Trial That Included Choice of Diet and Exercise. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Mar 1;111(3):503-514. [Read this study]
69. Lee, JE., et al., A Modified MCT-Based Ketogenic Diet Increases
Plasma β-Hydroxybutyrate but Has Less Effect on Fatigue and Quality of
Life in People With Multiple Sclerosis Compared to a Modified
Paleolithic Diet: A Waitlist-Controlled, Randomized Pilot Study. J Am Coll Nutr. 2020 Mar 26:1-13. [Read this study]
70. Stomby, A., Diet-induced Weight Loss Alters Hepatic Glucocorticoid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Eur J Endocrinol. 2020 Apr;182(4):447-457. [Read this study]
71. de la O, V., et al., Scoping Review of Paleolithic Dietary Patterns: A Definition Proposal. Nutr Res Rev. 2020 Jun 2:1-45. [Read this study]
72. Zampelas, A., et al., Dietary Patterns and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review of the Evidence. Proc Nutr Soc. 2020 Feb;79(1):68-75. [Read this study]
